Publications
51-59 of 59
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Road Safety Management
Tinjauan Singkat Pendekatan Keselamatan Jalan di Singapura (Indonesian)
October 2019
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Road Safety Management
Tóm tắt tổng quan về phương pháp an toàn đường bộ ở Singapore (Vietnamese)
October 2019
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Cutting traffic deaths and injuries by half could add 7 to 22% to GDP per capita over 24 years in select countries
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Welfare benefits equivalent to 6 to 32% of GDP per capita could be realized over the same period if traffic deaths and injuries were halved
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Road traffic injuries are the single largest cause of mortality and long-term disability among people aged 15-29, prime working age
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Reducing the number of RTIs leads to long-term national income growth. This correlation is easy to establish as RTIs are the single largest cause of mortality and long-term disability among young people aged 15-29 (prime working age).
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Significant long-term income growth—7 to 22% increase in GDP per capita over 24 years—can be achieved by halving road traffic deaths and injuries, in line with the current UN targets.
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The study goes beyond productivity or economic gains, and highlights the broader welfare benefits associated with reducing road traffic mortality and morbidity, adding years of life free of injuries and lasting disabilities. This recognizes that GDP is an imperfect measure of social welfare, as it does not factor health benefits. The study finds welfare benefits equivalent to 6 to 32% of the national GDP can be realized from reducing road deaths and injuries by 50% over 24 years.
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By maximizing healthy years of life, free of injuries and disabilities, actions to reduce road traffic injuries can help countries increase productivity, enhance the well-being of their populations, and build human capital—a key developmental priority for the World Bank.
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Road safety goes beyond the transport sector, with a direct impact on public health, societies, and economies. Likewise, because road safety is an inherently cross-sectoral issue, real progress can only happen if all relevant stakeholders unite their efforts.
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Road Safety Management
Road Safety Management Capacity Reviews and Safe System Projects Guidelines
May 2013
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Specify a management and investment framework to overcome institutional capacity barriers and support the successful implementation of road safety interventions;
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Provide practical procedures designed for application at a country level to accelerate knowledge transfer and sustainably scale up investment to improve road safety results;
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Ensure that institutional strengthening initiatives are properly sequenced and adjusted to the absorptive and learning capacity of the country concerned.
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Road Safety Management
Análisis de la Capacidad en Seguridad Vial y Proyectos de Sistema Seguro (Spanish)
May 2013
- Especificar un marco de gestión e inversión para superar las barreras de capacidad institucional y apoyar la implementación exitosa de intervenciones de seguridad vial;
- Proporcionar procedimientos prácticos diseñados para su aplicación a nivel de país para acelerar la transferencia de conocimientos y aumentar de manera sostenible la inversión para mejorar los resultados de seguridad vial;
- Garantizar que las iniciativas de fortalecimiento institucional estén debidamente secuenciadas y ajustadas a la capacidad de absorción y aprendizaje del país en cuestión.
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Road Safety Management
Analyse de Capacité en Sécurité Routière et Projets de Système Sûr (French)
May 2013
- Spécifier un cadre de gestion et d'investissement pour surmonter les obstacles liés aux capacités institutionnelles et soutenir la mise en œuvre réussie des interventions de sécurité routière ;
- Fournir des procédures pratiques conçues pour être appliquées au niveau national afin d'accélérer le transfert de connaissances et d'accroître durablement les investissements pour améliorer les résultats en matière de sécurité routière ;
- Veiller à ce que les initiatives de renforcement institutionnel soient correctement séquencées et ajustées à la capacité d'absorption et d'apprentissage du pays concerné.
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- Road injury deaths are severely underreported in most sub-Saharan countries. Our estimates are often six times those of official government statistics. In Nigeria, they are 14 times the official statistics of the national road death toll.
- Road injuries killed 231,000 people in sub-Saharan Africa in 2010, accounting for almost one-fifth of the global road injury death toll. In addition, there were over 8 million non-fatal injuries, of which 885,000 were severe enough to warrant hospital admission if adequate access to medical care were available. The combined burden of non-fatal road injuries in sub-Saharan Africa exceeded 14 million healthy life years lost.
- Western, Central and Eastern sub-Saharan Africa have the highest road injury death rates of any global region. The death rate in Western sub-Saharan Africa is more than four times the rate in Western Europe. • Road injuries are the 8th leading cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa and the 10th leading cause of healthy life years lost. The public health burden of road injuries exceeds that from tuberculosis and maternal disorders.
- Deaths due to road injuries have grown by 84% in sub-Saharan Africa since 1990, almost twice the global increase. The Western and Southern regions of sub-Saharan Africa had the highest growth in road deaths of any region in the world, more than doubling over this period.
- Road injuries are the 7th leading cause of death in males in sub-Saharan Africa. They are the 13th leading cause of death in females, compared with 18th globally. The road injury death rate for females in Western sub-Saharan Africa is more than twice the global average and almost five times the rate in Western Europe.
- Road injuries pose a high burden over the entire life course in sub-Saharan Africa, impacting not just young adults but also children and the elderly. Among children aged 1-4 years, road injuries are the 8th leading cause of death in the region. Among adults aged 70+ years, road injuries are the 12th leading cause of death and 14th leading cause of healthy life years lost, compared with 26th and 23rd globally.
- Pedestrians comprise 44% of road deaths in sub-Saharan Africa, substantially more than the global average of 35%. The rate of pedestrian deaths in Western sub-Saharan Africa is 8 times the rate in Western Europe.
- Nigeria has the highest road injury death rate (52.4 per 100,000 people) of any country globally. Mozambique has the third highest death rate (46.7 per 100,000). These rates are more than 15 times the death rates in Sweden, UK, and the Netherlands, which have among the lowest death rates globally.
- Four countries (Nigeria, Ethiopia, South Africa, and Sudan) together account for half the road injury death toll of sub-Saharan Africa.
Laporan ini memperkenalkan cara kerja Pendekatan Sistem Aman, dengan fokus pada infrastruktur jalan dan praktik terbaik rekayasa keselamatan jalan dari salah satu negara dengan kinerja terbaik di Asia Tenggara dan Pasifik, Singapura.
Jalan-jalan di Singapura tidak hanya dianggap sebagai yang teraman di kawasan ini, tetapi juga termasuk yang teraman di dunia. Aturan dan regulasi manajemen keselamatan jalan yang diterapkan di negara ini telah menghasilkan langkah-langkah signifikan dalam mengelola dampak faktor tabrakan yang terkait dengan desain jalan raya, perilaku manusia, dan atribut kendaraan. Hasilnya, statistik keselamatan jalan menunjukkan bahwa jumlah kematian di jaringan jalan Singapura terus menurun selama dekade terakhir. Hal ini mendorong keinginan negara-negara tetangga untuk mengikuti contoh Singapura dan belajar dari pengalamannya.
Untuk mengurangi tabrakan yang disebabkan oleh kekurangan atau kerusakan kendaraan, salah satu langkah yang diambil di Singapura adalah memberlakukan kebijakan impor kendaraan yang ketat. Impor kendaraan diizinkan dari negara-negara yang telah mengadopsi dan mematuhi standar keselamatan kendaraan tinggi yang diakui. Kepatuhan terhadap keselamatan kendaraan secara khusus difokuskan pada 52 item yang ditetapkan oleh Otoritas Transportasi Darat (LTA). Selain standar impor kendaraan yang ketat, Singapura memberlakukan sistem kuota kendaraan yang ketat, yang mengatur jumlah kendaraan di jaringan jalan. Selain itu, kendaraan diharuskan menjalani inspeksi berkala. Mobil berusia antara 3 dan 10 tahun diharuskan menjalani inspeksi dua tahunan, dan mobil yang berusia lebih dari 10 tahun diharuskan menjalani inspeksi tahunan.
Selain itu, taksi diharuskan menjalani inspeksi setiap enam bulan. Pendidikan keselamatan jalan dan pendidikan pengemudi merupakan prinsip utama strategi keselamatan jalan Singapura. Pendidikan keselamatan jalan sebagian besar dilakukan oleh Polisi Lalu Lintas Singapura, tetapi organisasi nonpemerintah seperti Sekretariat Koordinasi Keamanan Nasional memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap pendidikan keselamatan jalan di Singapura.
Báo cáo giới thiệu cách thức hoạt động của Phương pháp tiếp cận hệ thống an toàn, tập trung vào cơ sở hạ tầng đường bộ và các biện pháp thực hành tốt nhất về kỹ thuật an toàn đường bộ từ một trong những quốc gia có thành tích tốt nhất ở Đông Nam Á và Thái Bình Dương, Singapore.
Đường bộ Singapore không chỉ được coi là an toàn nhất trong khu vực mà còn được xếp hạng là một trong những quốc gia an toàn nhất trên toàn cầu. Các quy tắc và quy định về quản lý an toàn đường bộ được thực hiện tại quốc gia này đã mang lại những bước tiến đáng kể trong việc quản lý tác động của các yếu tố va chạm liên quan đến thiết kế đường bộ, hành vi của con người và các thuộc tính của phương tiện. Do đó, số liệu thống kê về an toàn đường bộ cho thấy số ca tử vong trên mạng lưới đường bộ Singapore đã giảm đều đặn trong thập kỷ qua. Điều này dẫn đến mong muốn của các quốc gia láng giềng là noi gương Singapore và học hỏi kinh nghiệm của nước này.
Để giảm thiểu các vụ va chạm do xe không đủ tiêu chuẩn hoặc lỗi, một trong những biện pháp được thực hiện tại Singapore là thực thi chính sách nhập khẩu xe nghiêm ngặt. Xe được phép nhập khẩu từ các quốc gia đã áp dụng và tuân thủ các tiêu chuẩn an toàn xe cao được công nhận. Việc tuân thủ an toàn xe đặc biệt tập trung vào 52 mục do Cơ quan Giao thông Đường bộ (LTA) chỉ định. Ngoài các tiêu chuẩn nhập khẩu xe nghiêm ngặt, Singapore còn thực thi hệ thống hạn ngạch xe nghiêm ngặt, quy định số lượng xe trên mạng lưới đường bộ. Ngoài ra, xe phải được kiểm tra thường xuyên. Xe từ 3 đến 10 năm tuổi phải được kiểm tra hai năm một lần, và xe trên 10 năm tuổi phải được kiểm tra hàng năm.
Ngoài ra, xe taxi phải được kiểm tra sáu tháng một lần. Giáo dục an toàn giao thông và giáo dục lái xe là những nội dung cốt lõi trong chiến lược an toàn giao thông của Singapore. Giáo dục an toàn giao thông chủ yếu do Cảnh sát giao thông Singapore thực hiện, nhưng các tổ chức phi chính phủ như Ban thư ký điều phối an ninh quốc gia cũng đóng góp đáng kể vào giáo dục an toàn giao thông tại Singapore.
รายงานนี้แนะนำวิธีการทำงานของแนวทางระบบที่ปลอดภัย โดยเน้นที่โครงสร้างพื้นฐานทางถนนและแนวทางปฏิบัติที่ดีที่สุดด้านวิศวกรรมความปลอดภัยทางถนนจากหนึ่งในประเทศที่มีประสิทธิภาพสูงสุดในเอเชียตะวันออกเฉียงใต้และแปซิฟิก ซึ่งก็คือสิงคโปร์
ถนนในสิงคโปร์ไม่เพียงแต่ถือว่าปลอดภัยที่สุดในภูมิภาคเท่านั้น แต่ยังติดอันดับถนนที่ปลอดภัยที่สุดในโลกอีกด้วย กฎและข้อบังคับด้านการจัดการความปลอดภัยทางถนนที่นำมาใช้ในประเทศได้ส่งผลให้มีความก้าวหน้าอย่างมากในการจัดการผลกระทบของปัจจัยการชนที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการออกแบบถนน พฤติกรรมของมนุษย์ และคุณลักษณะของยานพาหนะ ส่งผลให้สถิติความปลอดภัยทางถนนแสดงให้เห็นว่าจำนวนผู้เสียชีวิตบนเครือข่ายถนนของสิงคโปร์ลดลงอย่างต่อเนื่องในช่วงทศวรรษที่ผ่านมา ส่งผลให้ประเทศเพื่อนบ้านมีความปรารถนาที่จะทำตามตัวอย่างของสิงคโปร์และเรียนรู้จากประสบการณ์ของประเทศ
เพื่อบรรเทาการชนที่เกิดจากความไม่เพียงพอหรือข้อบกพร่องของยานพาหนะ มาตรการอย่างหนึ่งที่ใช้ในสิงคโปร์คือการบังคับใช้นโยบายนำเข้ายานพาหนะที่เข้มงวด การนำเข้ายานพาหนะได้รับอนุญาตจากประเทศที่ได้นำมาตรฐานความปลอดภัยของยานพาหนะระดับสูงที่เป็นที่ยอมรับมาใช้และปฏิบัติตาม การปฏิบัติตามข้อกำหนดด้านความปลอดภัยของยานพาหนะนั้นเน้นเป็นพิเศษที่รายการ 52 รายการที่กำหนดโดย Land Transport Authority (LTA) นอกเหนือจากมาตรฐานการนำเข้ายานพาหนะที่เข้มงวดแล้ว สิงคโปร์ยังบังคับใช้ระบบโควตายานพาหนะที่เข้มงวด ซึ่งควบคุมจำนวนยานพาหนะในเครือข่ายถนน นอกจากนี้ ยานพาหนะยังต้องผ่านการตรวจสภาพบ่อยครั้ง รถยนต์ที่มีอายุระหว่าง 3 ถึง 10 ปีต้องผ่านการตรวจสภาพทุก ๆ สองปี และรถยนต์ที่มีอายุมากกว่า 10 ปีต้องผ่านการตรวจสภาพทุกปี
นอกจากนี้ รถแท็กซี่ต้องผ่านการตรวจสภาพทุก ๆ หกเดือน การศึกษาความปลอดภัยบนท้องถนนและการศึกษาของผู้ขับขี่ถือเป็นหลักการสำคัญของกลยุทธ์ความปลอดภัยบนท้องถนนของสิงคโปร์ การศึกษาความปลอดภัยบนท้องถนนส่วนใหญ่ดำเนินการโดยตำรวจจราจรของสิงคโปร์ แต่หน่วยงานที่ไม่ใช่ของรัฐ เช่น สำนักงานเลขานุการประสานงานด้านความมั่นคงแห่งชาติ มีส่วนสนับสนุนอย่างมากในการให้ความรู้ด้านความปลอดภัยบนท้องถนนในสิงคโปร์
The report introduces how the Safe System Approach works, with a focus on road infrastructure and road safety engineering best practices from one of the best performing countries in Southeast Asia and the Pacific, Singapore.
Singapore roads are not only considered the safest in the region, they rank among the safest globally. Road safety management rules and regulations implemented in the country have resulted in significant strides in managing the effects of collision factors related to roadway design, human behavior, and vehicle attributes. As a result, road safety statistics have shown that fatalities on the Singapore road network have been steadily declining over the past decade. This is leading to a desire on the part of neighboring countries to follow Singapore's example and learn from its experience.
In order to mitigate collisions attributed to vehicle inadequacies or defects, one of the measures taken in Singapore was to enforce a strict vehicle import policy. Vehicle imports are permissible from countries that have adopted and comply with recognized high vehicle safety standards. Vehicle safety compliance is particularly focused on 52 items specified by the Land Transport Authority (LTA). In addition to strict vehicle import standards, Singapore enforces a strict vehicle quota system, which regulates the number of vehicles on the road network. Additionally, vehicles are required to undergo frequent inspections. Cars between 3 and 10 years old are required to have a biennial inspection, and cars older than 10 years are required to undergo annual inspections.
Furthermore, taxis are required to undergo inspections every six months. Road safety education and driver education are core tenants of Singapore's roads safety strategy. Road safety education is predominately undertaken by the Singapore Traffic Police, but nongovernmental organizations such as the National Security Coordination Secretariat contribute significantly to road safety education in Singapore.
Document also available in : Thai, Bahasa (Indonesian), Bahasa (Indonesian), Vietnamese
Key Findings ⌵︎
Each year, 1.25 million people lose their lives on the world’s roads and another 20 to 50 million are seriously injured. The tragic loss from a road traffic death or serious injury is compounded by the harm to households and social networks. A disproportionate 90% of road traffic injuries (RTIs) occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), representing a major public health and economic burden. This is an eminently preventable problem that is critical to the development agenda. Unfortunately, due to lack of solid data, the impact of road injuries on economic growth and social welfare has been difficult to assess.
A new World Bank report funded by Bloomberg Philanthropies, The High Toll of Traffic Injuries: Unacceptable and Preventable, looks to fill the gap. It proposes a comprehensive methodology to quantify both the income growth and social welfare benefits that safer roads could bring to developing countries. The analysis is based on data collected from 135 countries over 24 years, and focuses on China, India, the Philippines, Tanzania, and Thailand—five geographically, demographically and economically diverse LMICs.
The study shows that reducing the number of RTIs in developing countries not only increases income growth, but also generates substantial welfare benefits to societies.
Key findings from the report include:
> Press Release: Road Deaths and Injuries Hold Back Economic Growth in Developing Countries
The Road Safety Management Capacity Reviews and Safe System Projects Guidelines have been designed to assist country road safety professionals, World Bank and regional development bank staff, international consultants, community groups, private sector organizations, and all other global, regional and country partners and stakeholders to conduct capacity reviews and prepare follow-up road safety projects in a variety of low and middle-income countries and investment settings.
The purpose of the Guidelines is to:
The Guidelines emphasize managing for results and the associated strengthening of country road safety management systems, with special attention being paid to the role of the lead road safety agency in ensuring institutional effectiveness and efficiency in program delivery. They highlight the importance of addressing all elements of the road safety management system, taking a staged approach to country road safety investment, and targeting the highest concentrations of deaths and injuries across the road network.
For more information visit this page.
This report is also available in:
Las Directrices para los proyectos de sistemas seguros y las revisiones de la capacidad de gestión de la seguridad vial se han diseñado para ayudar a los profesionales de la seguridad vial de los países, al personal del Banco Mundial y de los bancos regionales de desarrollo, a los consultores internacionales, a los grupos comunitarios, a las organizaciones del sector privado y a todos los demás socios y partes interesadas mundiales, regionales y nacionales a realizar revisiones de la capacidad y preparar proyectos de seguimiento de la seguridad vial en una variedad de países de ingresos bajos y medios y entornos de inversión.
El propósito de las Directrices es:
Las Directrices hacen hincapié en la gestión para resultados y el fortalecimiento asociado de los sistemas de gestión de la seguridad vial de los países, prestando especial atención al papel del organismo líder de seguridad vial para garantizar la eficacia y eficiencia institucional en la ejecución del programa. Destacan la importancia de abordar todos los elementos del sistema de gestión de la seguridad vial, adoptar un enfoque por etapas para la inversión en seguridad vial del país y centrarse en las mayores concentraciones de muertes y lesiones en toda la red de carreteras.
Les Lignes directrices pour les examens des capacités de gestion de la sécurité routière et les projets de systèmes sûrs ont été conçues pour aider les professionnels de la sécurité routière des pays, le personnel de la Banque mondiale et des banques régionales de développement, les consultants internationaux, les groupes communautaires, les organisations du secteur privé et tous les autres partenaires et parties prenantes mondiaux, régionaux et nationaux à mener des examens des capacités et à préparer des projets de suivi de la sécurité routière dans divers pays à revenu faible et intermédiaire et contextes d'investissement.
L'objectif des Lignes directrices est de :
Les Lignes directrices mettent l'accent sur la gestion axée sur les résultats et le renforcement associé des systèmes de gestion de la sécurité routière des pays, une attention particulière étant accordée au rôle de l'agence principale de sécurité routière pour assurer l'efficacité et l'efficience institutionnelles dans l'exécution des programmes. Ils soulignent l’importance de prendre en compte tous les éléments du système de gestion de la sécurité routière, d’adopter une approche progressive en matière d’investissement dans la sécurité routière nationale et de cibler les concentrations les plus élevées de décès et de blessés sur l’ensemble du réseau routier.
The 2010 Global Burden of Disease (GBD-2010) was a systematic effort to quantify the comparative magnitude of global health loss due to 291 diseases and injuries, 67 risk factors, and 1,160 sequelae by age, sex, and country from 1990 to 2010. The project was led by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) and included a consortium of academic institutions. The World Bank Global Road Safety Facility commissioned a special effort at Harvard University to improve the estimates of road injuries in sub-Saharan Africa generated as part of GBD-2010 by incorporating more data and better methods for the region.
Executive Summary
The UN Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011-2020 calls on national governments in sub-Saharan Africa and worldwide to direct substantial resources to stem the increasing burden of road traffic injuries. Bringing such attention to road safety requires demonstrating the importance of the problem relative to other major threats that currently confront sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, in this study, we estimate the burden of road injuries relative to other health issues in the region through a systematic and scientific effort to quantify the comparative magnitude of health loss due to all diseases and injuries. We track the relative evolution of diseases and injuries since 1990 to show the increasing importance of road injuries to the health and development agenda in sub-Saharan Africa. We find that:
Road safety has emerged as an important health priority in sub-Saharan Africa. Trends over the last two decades show that road injury rates in the region have remained at among the highest in the world even though substantial improvements are being made in controlling other diseases, such as tuberculosis, malaria, and diarrheal disease. Unless significant preventive efforts are undertaken, road safety will continue to climb in regional health rankings during the UN Decade of Action for Road Safety. National governments and the international development community need to prioritize road safety in the region and implement the recommendations of the 2004 World Report on Road Traffic Injury Prevention.